多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病症：女，31岁，元月不连续性。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

视觉表现：盆腔核磁共振和MRI T2WI显示上皮细胞增大，周边腺出水大于12亚厘米。周边上皮细胞基质在核磁共振上强Echo，MRI上偏高频谱。看不出竞争者卵出水。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多腺上皮细胞综合征

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多腺上皮细胞综合征也叫S-L综合征。是女性不孕的最常见原因。主要是由于内分泌不可逆转避免经常性无排卵和雌激素分泌过盛。PCOS典型新添征：肥大、闭经和粗毛综合症。但非常少将近病症表现为此新添综合症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用视觉检查全面性获取越来越多信息。典型的核磁共振/MRI征象包括：上皮细胞增大、变圆，外周多发网纹出水，上皮细胞基质US上强Echo，T2WI偏高频谱。PCOS病症要求经常性随访，因经常性雌激素水平过高，可能会持续性乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上隐喻节选自臀部视觉病症首推）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多腺上皮细胞综合征

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 元月

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 网纹

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 强Echo的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 内分泌的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 雌激素过多综合症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 粗毛综合症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 上皮细胞

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 基质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 激发Echo（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌激素

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多腺上皮细胞综合征